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The bluntnose stingray or Say's stingray (''Dasyatis say'', often misspelled ''sayi'') is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, native to the coastal waters of the western Atlantic Ocean from the U.S. state of Massachusetts to Venezuela. It is a bottom-dwelling species that prefers sandy or muddy habitats deep, and is migratory in the northern portion of its range. Typically growing to across, the bluntnose stingray is characterized by a rhomboid pectoral fin disc with broadly rounded outer corners and an obtuse-angled snout. It has a whip-like tail with both an upper keel and a lower fin fold, and a line of small tubercles along the middle of its back.More active at night than during the day when it is usually buried in sediment, the bluntnose stingray is a predator of small benthic invertebrates and bony fishes. This species is aplacental viviparous, in which the unborn young are nourished initially by yolk, and later histotroph ("uterine milk") produced by their mother. Females give birth to 1–6 pups every May after a gestation period of 11–12 months, most of which consists of a period of arrested embryonic development. The venomous tail spine of the bluntnose stingray is potentially dangerous to unwary beachgoers. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed this species under Least Concern, as it is widely distributed, common, and minimally threatened by commercial fisheries.==Taxonomy and phylogeny==French naturalist Charles Alexandre Lesueur originally described the bluntnose stingray from specimens collected in Little Egg Harbor off the U.S. State of New Jersey. He published his account in an 1817 volume of the ''Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia'', and named the new species ''Raja say'' in honor of Thomas Say, one of the founding members of the Academy.Smith, H.M. (1907). ''The Fishes of North Carolina''. E.M. Uzzell & Co. pp. 44–45. The species was moved to the genus ''Dasyatis'' by subsequent authors. In 1841, German biologists Johannes Peter Müller and Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle erroneously gave the specific epithet as ''sayi'' in their ''Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen'', which thereafter became the typical spelling used in literature.Eschmeyer, W.N. and R. Fricke (eds). (''say, Raja'' ). Catalog of Fishes electronic version (January 15, 2010). Retrieved on February 17, 2010. Recently, there has been a push to use the correct original spelling again, though it has also been proposed that the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) officially emend the spelling to ''sayi'', for consistency with previous usage.Lisa Rosenberger's 2001 phylogenetic analysis, based on morphological characters, found that the bluntnose stingray is one of the more basal members of its genus, and that it is a sister species to the diamond stingray (''D. dipterura'') of the western Pacific Ocean. The two species likely diverged before or with the formation of the Isthmus of Panama, some three million years ago.
The bluntnose stingray or Say's stingray (''Dasyatis say'', often misspelled ''sayi'') is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, native to the coastal waters of the western Atlantic Ocean from the U.S. state of Massachusetts to Venezuela. It is a bottom-dwelling species that prefers sandy or muddy habitats deep, and is migratory in the northern portion of its range. Typically growing to across, the bluntnose stingray is characterized by a rhomboid pectoral fin disc with broadly rounded outer corners and an obtuse-angled snout. It has a whip-like tail with both an upper keel and a lower fin fold, and a line of small tubercles along the middle of its back.
More active at night than during the day when it is usually buried in sediment, the bluntnose stingray is a predator of small benthic invertebrates and bony fishes. This species is aplacental viviparous, in which the unborn young are nourished initially by yolk, and later histotroph ("uterine milk") produced by their mother. Females give birth to 1–6 pups every May after a gestation period of 11–12 months, most of which consists of a period of arrested embryonic development. The venomous tail spine of the bluntnose stingray is potentially dangerous to unwary beachgoers. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed this species under Least Concern, as it is widely distributed, common, and minimally threatened by commercial fisheries.
==Taxonomy and phylogeny==
French naturalist Charles Alexandre Lesueur originally described the bluntnose stingray from specimens collected in Little Egg Harbor off the U.S. State of New Jersey. He published his account in an 1817 volume of the ''Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia'', and named the new species ''Raja say'' in honor of Thomas Say, one of the founding members of the Academy.〔〔Smith, H.M. (1907). ''The Fishes of North Carolina''. E.M. Uzzell & Co. pp. 44–45.〕 The species was moved to the genus ''Dasyatis'' by subsequent authors. In 1841, German biologists Johannes Peter Müller and Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle erroneously gave the specific epithet as ''sayi'' in their ''Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen'', which thereafter became the typical spelling used in literature.〔〔Eschmeyer, W.N. and R. Fricke (eds). (''say, Raja'' ). Catalog of Fishes electronic version (January 15, 2010). Retrieved on February 17, 2010.〕 Recently, there has been a push to use the correct original spelling again, though it has also been proposed that the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) officially emend the spelling to ''sayi'', for consistency with previous usage.〔
Lisa Rosenberger's 2001 phylogenetic analysis, based on morphological characters, found that the bluntnose stingray is one of the more basal members of its genus, and that it is a sister species to the diamond stingray (''D. dipterura'') of the western Pacific Ocean. The two species likely diverged before or with the formation of the Isthmus of Panama, some three million years ago.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「The bluntnose stingray or Say's stingray (''Dasyatis say'', often misspelled ''sayi'') is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, native to the coastal waters of the western Atlantic Ocean from the U.S. state of Massachusetts to Venezuela. It is a bottom-dwelling species that prefers sandy or muddy habitats deep, and is migratory in the northern portion of its range. Typically growing to across, the bluntnose stingray is characterized by a rhomboid pectoral fin disc with broadly rounded outer corners and an obtuse-angled snout. It has a whip-like tail with both an upper keel and a lower fin fold, and a line of small tubercles along the middle of its back.More active at night than during the day when it is usually buried in sediment, the bluntnose stingray is a predator of small benthic invertebrates and bony fishes. This species is aplacental viviparous, in which the unborn young are nourished initially by yolk, and later histotroph ("uterine milk") produced by their mother. Females give birth to 1–6 pups every May after a gestation period of 11–12 months, most of which consists of a period of arrested embryonic development. The venomous tail spine of the bluntnose stingray is potentially dangerous to unwary beachgoers. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed this species under Least Concern, as it is widely distributed, common, and minimally threatened by commercial fisheries.==Taxonomy and phylogeny==French naturalist Charles Alexandre Lesueur originally described the bluntnose stingray from specimens collected in Little Egg Harbor off the U.S. State of New Jersey. He published his account in an 1817 volume of the ''Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia'', and named the new species ''Raja say'' in honor of Thomas Say, one of the founding members of the Academy.Smith, H.M. (1907). ''The Fishes of North Carolina''. E.M. Uzzell & Co. pp. 44–45. The species was moved to the genus ''Dasyatis'' by subsequent authors. In 1841, German biologists Johannes Peter Müller and Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle erroneously gave the specific epithet as ''sayi'' in their ''Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen'', which thereafter became the typical spelling used in literature.Eschmeyer, W.N. and R. Fricke (eds). (''say, Raja'' ). Catalog of Fishes electronic version (January 15, 2010). Retrieved on February 17, 2010. Recently, there has been a push to use the correct original spelling again, though it has also been proposed that the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) officially emend the spelling to ''sayi'', for consistency with previous usage.Lisa Rosenberger's 2001 phylogenetic analysis, based on morphological characters, found that the bluntnose stingray is one of the more basal members of its genus, and that it is a sister species to the diamond stingray (''D. dipterura'') of the western Pacific Ocean. The two species likely diverged before or with the formation of the Isthmus of Panama, some three million years ago.」の詳細全文を読む
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